Chapter One: The Daudiyya Tribes leading to a new formation. The Ja'afra remained fierce warriors until the 19th century, and their raids more than once targeted the Mashut tribe. Their history of loyalty on several occasions indicated their victories, but in the end, they were driven away – like all the Daud bin Uruq tribes – to the furthest region of the Eastern Coast. They are divided into the following branches: the Ja'afra al-Samsimun, Ahl al-Sheikh Muhammad Laqtab, and al-Shabahina. They used to ally with Awlad Zayd in their wars, being somewhat under a pattern of moral dependency on them. Today, however, they have regained their full independence. The Ja'afra al-Samsimun have, since 1860, been under the leadership of Ma'ani, who submitted upon the French occupation and maintained his position. This chief, born around 1840, traces his lineage to Ja'far through his father Ali bin Bayh bin al-Sheikh bin Ahmad bin Kuwait.. bin Hadaj bin Ja'far. He wields considerable influence in his tribe and maintains good relations with the Aban Orb in the villages of Neri and Dalbalah. He is represented by his active, though not eldest, son, Imam, born around 1882. His elder brothers are Ali, born around 1870, al-Sheikh Linat, born around 1975, and al-Sheikh Sidi Ahmad, born around 1878. b – Distribution The Ja'afra are sub-divided into two secondary clans: the Haddadja and the Manasir. They migrate during the winter to the Makhazat in the northeast of Bastek, and in the summer towards the Gura and Masina circle. They have their cultivations in the village of Madallah, which is the tribe's agricultural village and the center for its Haratin and servants. Its chief is Dedeh bin al-Sheikh, whom we will discuss shortly. The Ja'afra represent a model of transition from a nomadic lifestyle to a settled one. Many religious people are found among them, those who have "repented to their Lord," turning towards wealth and tranquility to practice a pious Islamic life. c – Ahl al-Sheikh Muhammad Laqtab Ahl al-Sheikh Muhammad Laqtab are a clan known for their piety, having separated from the tribe approximately a century and a half ago. They are Haddadja, sub-divided into Ahl al-Sheikh Sidi Ahmad, Ahl Bu Th Ali, Ahl al-Sheikh Sidi Salah, Ahl al-Taleb Yusuf, and Ahl al-Taleb Muhammad. Their ancestor, Sheikh Muhammad Laqtab bin Hamah Allah bin Saleh bin Lujayha bin Muhammad bin Musa bin Boubaker bin Ubaid bin Hadaj bin Ja'far, was a devout sheikh.