With the return of the Egyptian forces, Dunqulah entered in disguise, killed the new king, and assumed power for the third time. He wrote to the Sultan in Cairo requesting pardon and forgiveness, while pledging to pay all obligations. The Sultan accepted Shamamun's assurances and did not send him forces, as the Sultan was preparing to eliminate the last Crusader strongholds in Acre. However, Shamamun prevented the dispatch of the *baqt* (tribute) and broke his covenant, showing his independence after hearing of the death of Sultan Qalawun. The *baqt* was not sent in 715 AH/1298 AD, but diplomacy was preferred. He sent to Sultan Khalil bin Qalawun apologizing for the delay in paying the *baqt*, but Sultan Khalil bin Qalawun stipulated that his mother and the rest of his family remain as hostages in Cairo at the guesthouse.

However, Sultan Khalil bin Qalawun became exasperated and sent an expedition against him led by Izz al-Din al-Afram. The expedition penetrated thirty-three days south of Dunqulah, its direction unknown. Sultan Khalil bin Qalawun sent a Nubian prince and appointed him king over Nubia after he declared his loyalty to the Sultan. These repeated campaigns, especially the last one, increased the unrest in the land of Nubia.

These repeated Mamluk campaigns caused the Nubians to submit to the will of the Mamluks and imposed effective Mamluk sovereignty over the northern part of the country. This resulted in the extension of Egyptian sovereignty over a large part of Nubia in an actual manner. In fact, the Mamluk campaigns during the reign of Sultan Qalawun and his two sons, al-Nasir Muhammad and Khalil, were all aimed at maintaining this Mamluk status in Nubia and subjugating the kings of Dunqulah and their recognition of Egyptian sovereignty in that era.

Hence, the repeated Egyptian campaigns were to subdue and discipline Shamamun, as well as the ruler of Nubia. As stated in the book *Masalik al-Absar*, he was merely a subject of Egypt, who prayed in his land for the Caliph of the time and the ruler of Egypt. Thus, these numerous Mamluk campaigns, by interfering in the affairs of Dunqulah, contributed to the weakening of this Nubian kingdom. And if the Mamluks contributed to the weakening of the Kingdom of Nubia in this manner after extending their control over it.