attacking the city of Aswan after its siege, which forced the state to seek help from Cairo. Based on the state treasury's request, Salah al-Din prepared an expedition that marched to Aswan, but found that the Nubians and Sudanese had left the city. The expedition pursued them, led by "Al-Shuja' Al-Bahlabi," after forces from Bani Kanz joined him. He met the Nubians and Sudanese in a fierce battle in which a large number were killed on both sides, but the Nubians remained a great threat to Egypt's southern borders during the Ayyubid era. This compelled Salah al-Din to send an expedition led by his brother, "Shams al-Din Turan Shah." He marched to the castle of Ibrim and besieged it for three days, then conquered it and plundered all that was within it, freeing a group of captives. He wrote to the Sultan about this after returning to Aswan. The Ayyubid state attempted to occupy some strategic and important sites in Nubia, such as the castle of Ibrim. Indeed, Turan Shah granted this castle to one of his men, "Ibrahim al-Kurdi," and sent with him a group of Kurds who continued to raid Nubia. It appears that Salah al-Din's attempt to extend Egypt's political influence over Nubia was not limited to the military aspect but also extended to the economic aspect, supported by military power. It seems that the King of Nubia was exhausted by Turan Shah's campaign and the subsequent occupation of parts of his land, leaving him no choice but to seek peace. This king sent a special envoy to Shams al-Dawla Turan Shah, who was in Qus, carrying his request for peace. However, Salah al-Din was determined to discipline and intimidate the King of Nubia so that he would cease his aggression on Egypt's borders. He gave the envoy of the King of Nubia an arrow and told him, "This is the only answer I have for you." Whatever the case may be, Salah al-Din's campaign against Nubia did not deviate from its traditional reasons for fighting Nubia, which was the desire to secure Egypt's borders.