And the Arab immigrants, most of them were not But Arab tribes participated with it, as I mentioned to the land of Nubia, and from here many tribes participated with it which we will refer to when talking about the Arab tribes in Sudan. . And these Arab migrations entered the land of Nubia without the kings feeling the slightest danger from them, and the treaty of Balat also gave them the right of passage and transit, and from here their migrations were peaceful migrations, not exceeding innocent groups seeking a place to stay, mixing with the inhabitants, not harming them, and not disturbing the rulers, but rather they would leave it and its fruits to graze and stability, and not impose anything bad upon it, and their daily lives continued in freedom complete, calm, stability, and tranquility. . And the land of Nubia was a vast expanse that absorbed these excess Islamic elements and they spread within it, and the influence of the Arabs did not appear, nor did their word rise, except when their numbers increased and the control of the ruling authority weakened and was unable to curb them. . "The Ayyubids and the Land of Nubia" There was no mention of relations with Nubia in the few years preceding the establishment of the Ayyubid state, because perhaps matters were proceeding according to the previously prevailing situation. Therefore, the relations between the Banu Kanz and their principality in Aswan and the Fatimid state were the prevailing aspect of Egypt's relations with the South, because good relations and a calm situation did not last long in the era of the Ayyubid state, because from the year 568 AH / 1173 AD, two groups of Ayyubids attacked south of Aswan. This attack was carried out by a group of remnants of the Fatimid army from the Sudanese divisions who fled Cairo in the face of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi after the fall of the Fatimid state. Likewise, the second group was a group of Nubians who helped the remnants of the Fatimid army in Sudan and helped them and they marched together towards Upper Egypt. 74