Between the Nile and the Red Sea in Upper Egypt. It appears that the Muslims repelled this attack and repulsed it, but their attempts failed because Abdullah bin Al-Habhab Al-Masluli defeated them and concluded the first treaty with them, which lasted for about a century. Among its provisions were that they would not kill any Muslim or Dhimmi who settled in their lands, nor would they take Muslim slaves, and they would return any of these slaves who fell into their hands, and that their agent in Upper Egypt would remain a hostage in the hands of the Muslims.

It is clear that this treaty aimed to secure Upper Egypt from Beja raids. Likewise, this peace opened the door, as it did with Nubia, for the penetration of Islamic influence into the lands of the Beja as a result of their commitment not to harm any Muslim passing through their lands. Likewise, this treaty embodies the same spirit that prevailed in organizing relations between Egypt and Sudan in ancient times. Although the Muslims' agreements with Nubia and the Beja agreed on a new condition, which was to oblige the people of the South to respect religious sentiments, the reason for this was that the people of the South at that time were Christians.

It appears that Ibn Al-Habhab's agreement did not stop the Beja raids and their transgressions against Upper Egypt, as references indicate the Beja's transgression against some pilgrims from Qift. This incident developed into a mutual war between the Beja and the people of Egyptian Qift. It seems that this treaty became worthless to the Beja over time, or in other words, this treaty was forgotten. After about a century, the Beja resumed their raids on Aswan in 432 AH / 846 AD, after their raid on the city of Qift, after relations had remained friendly for a century. Even when we were in the era of Al-Ma'mun Al-Abbasid, the Beja renewed their raids on Aswan. Upon hearing the news, the Caliph ordered an expedition against them and entrusted its banner to Abdullah bin Al-Jahm in 486 AH / 846 AD. As a result, he dictated a new contract to them, making the lands of the Beja from the border of Aswan to the area between Massawa and Basen the property of the Caliph, and they would be 48