When the Fatimid state was torn apart and the status of the caliphs within it weakened. This principality, or the principality of the Alaqi region, was named after it. This principality occupies the region known as the Land of Minerals, a vast geographical area bounded by Aswan to the north, the Red Sea to the east, and the course of the Nile in the south of Wadi Halfa to Aswan to the west. The southern border is not recorded at all because it had no fixed borders due to the crowding of Arab groups for mineral extraction. Here, it is possible that the southern line bounding the mineral region in the Alaqi area starts from the Wadi Halfa region and heads southeast to Mersa Arous, located on the latitude of 20 degrees North, or to the south of that line. Several ports on the Red Sea are located in the north of this region, foremost among them are Aidhab and Suakin. A large number of Arab groups crossed the Red Sea from the Arabian Peninsula to the western Red Sea coast through these and other ports on their way to new homelands. Historical facts, which some contemporary deniers of Arabism and Islam try to deny and downplay, confirm that groups of Arabs came to the Land of Minerals region in historical periods preceding the Islamic call. The most intense of these Arab migrations were those that flowed in the sixth century AD, before the dawn of the Islamic call. These groups included tribes from Himyar from the southwest of the Arabian Peninsula, and they initially settled in the Ghutbari region. It is likely that their homeland later extended to Sinkat and Arkawit. It is believed that the Beja tribes, in which groups of Banu Himyar resided, were in a state of chaos because they had suffered a crushing defeat inflicted upon them by the Nubian king (Silko), who was the first king in Nubia to embrace Christianity, and who expelled them from the Nile Valley south of the north. These Beja entered the desert and returned to a life of grazing and nomadism, their military power was broken, and they turned to internal tribal wars.