on a penal law based on principles similar to those currently applied by the Judicial Tribunals, and entrusted to judges who deserve the great public confidence, just as the judges of the Judicial Tribunals deserve it today.

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(z) Entry into European Dwellings

One of the most valuable privileges for European residents in Egypt is the inviolability of their homes (the Egyptian police are forbidden to enter them). I state in the clearest terms that it is imperative to preserve this privilege in all its essential aspects, under all Egyptian circumstances. For although the organization and composition of the Egyptian police have greatly improved in recent years and continue to improve day by day, it is a well-known fact, acknowledged by Europeans and Egyptians alike, that the misuse of power by the Egyptian police is not to be discounted. If such misuse of power is not uncommon among the police of other countries that surpass Egypt in their advancement, what then of the Egyptian police, who, when compelled to carry out the orders of executive or judicial officials in the government, are bound to overstep their authority more than the police of other countries. However, some excuse can be made for certain excesses, considering the difficult position they often find themselves in when dealing with Europeans, many of whom also overstep the bounds of their privileges and resent legal scrutiny of their actions.

The nature of police work necessitates that an individual police officer exercises discretionary power, meaning they carry out their assigned duties according to their own judgment, what they deem appropriate, and what they choose. It will be a long time before many of those employed in the Egyptian police reach a high level of morality and understanding that would make people trust them to exercise this discretionary power with the required reason and wisdom. For any progress of this kind is necessarily gradual, achieved through education in science and literature, training, supervision, and the improvement of the material conditions of the police so that men of higher morals and understanding are attracted to serve. This improvement requires expenditure, and there is no avoiding the fact that it must proceed according to the funds that the Ministry of Finance can allocate to the Ministry of the Interior. However, in the meantime, it is necessary to take measures that will ensure Europeans are protected from the Egyptian police's exercise of their authority, by ensuring the inviolability of their homes is guaranteed by equivalent safeguards in any new system.