on similar principles to those on which most of the existing judicial administration is conducted. The judges now enjoy the absolute confidence of the public, as the judges of the judicial administration deserve today.

(Z) Entry into Europeans' Homes

One of the greatest privileges valued by European residents in Egypt is the inviolability of their homes (the Egyptian police are forbidden to enter them). I state in the strongest terms that it is a duty to preserve this privilege for all the Republic's characteristics under all circumstances. For although the organization and composition of the Egyptian police have greatly improved in recent years, and their improvement increases day by day, it is a well-known fact, acknowledged by Europeans and Egyptians alike, that the Egyptian police are prone to abusing their authority. If the abuse of this authority is not uncommon and occurs in the police of other countries that surpass Egypt in their development, what then of the ordinary Egyptian police when they are compelled to carry out the orders of executive or judicial officials in the government? It is certain that they will commit more errors in the use of their authority than the police of other countries. However, some excuse may be made for some of their excesses, considering the difficult position they often find themselves in when dealing with Europeans, many of whom are also dissatisfied with the limits of their privileges and resent any legal interference with them in the world.

However, the nature of police work is such that an individual police officer exercises discretionary authority, meaning they carry out the duties assigned to them by law according to their own judgment, what they deem appropriate, and what they choose. It is likely that a long time will pass before many of those appointed to the Egyptian police reach a high level of morality and understanding that would make people confident that they would exercise this discretionary authority wisely and prudently. For any such progress is necessarily gradual, progressing over the recent years and those to come. This appointment requires expenditure, and there is no avoiding proceeding according to the funds that the Ministry of Finance can allocate to the Ministry of the Interior. However, in the meantime, it is necessary to take measures regarding the Egyptian police's use of their authority towards Europeans, so that the inviolability of their homes is guaranteed by equivalent safeguards in every new system.