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(2) That he shall not be subjected to imprisonment or a penalty more severe than imprisonment unless he is able to provide a bail if he wishes, so that his case may be presented to a judge or court as mentioned above. (3) That no arrest warrant shall be issued against him except by a judge of the nationality of the signatory states to the treaty and with his permission. (4) That he has the right, if arrested on a criminal charge, to be released on bail or to be brought before a judge of the nationality of one of the signatory states within 24 hours. (5) That the death penalty shall not be carried out against him except after the judgment has been announced to his state's representative one month in advance, and that the death penalty shall be commuted to life imprisonment with hard labor if his state's representative requests it within that period. (6) That the consuls of his country shall be allowed to enter the prison in which he is imprisoned to visit him at any convenient time.

From the foregoing, it is understood that the Council, by virtue of the treaty, is unable to establish courts for European criminals, unless the court consists of only one judge who is European, or several judges, three of whom are European. It is also mentioned in the law of these courts that among the judges considering the case of an accused person, there shall be at least one judge of the nationality of the accused, as far as possible. However, it cannot be stated in its law that a number of judges of each European nationality shall be appointed such that a judge shall not sit on a criminal case unless the accused is of his nationality. Nor do I see any justification for this. I concede, however, that every European has the right, under all circumstances, not to be tried in Egypt except before European judges or before European assessors if the jury system is adopted in Germany or France, just as he would be tried for committing a crime in Berlin or Paris instead of committing it in Cairo or Alexandria. And since criminal cases are adjudicated in the Mixed Courts of Egypt, why should criminal cases not be adjudicated in the same way?

Furthermore, it may appear at first glance that the language issue would be a complication in this project. I reject this at first glance. Because these Mixed Courts of Egypt must consider criminal cases in Berlin or Paris. Nor do I know why Europeans in Egypt should be judged by judges who do not know the language in which testimony is given and in which the accused can defend himself if he wishes. However, it is not hidden, firstly, that this matter is not new in terms of consultation, but rather it already exists, as the consuls are involved in many cases brought before