Sudan Archive

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First, all civil and commercial cases that occur between Europeans and nationals, or between Europeans and nationality (if not personal status), and all cases relating to land and property between Europeans and nationals, or between Europeans of expatriate or acquired nationality, shall be heard in the Mixed Courts. Second, all criminal cases brought against Europeans shall be heard in their consular courts according to the laws of their countries, except for specific cases whose jurisdiction and judgment are within the competence of the Mixed Courts. Third, it is not permissible to enter a European's home without the consent of their consul, unless the entry is for a criminal case that the Mixed Courts have jurisdiction over. Fourth, no tax shall be levied on Europeans from taxes that collect money from them directly, such as property taxes, except after the approval of all countries. Now, let us examine each of these issues separately. (E) The Mixed Courts I have not been asked a question more often than this one: Does the proposal to abolish the Mixed Courts necessitate this? I will answer this now briefly. (First) This proposal necessitates the abolition of the current system, which requires the renewal of the Mixed Courts' authority every five years by agreement between the Egyptian government and the countries, and the reliance on another system where the Mixed Courts are not changed at all, whether in their composition or in the laws by which they rule, until changes are made that are agreed upon by the majority in a mixed local legislative council and with the approval of the Egyptian and British governments. (Second) It necessitates the establishment of permanent courts in the Egyptian territory whose composition may not be exactly the same as the current Mixed Courts, but they must be mixed in any case. Any change in their composition depends on a decision of the legislative council, which would also be mixed. (Third) It necessitates the abolition of the Mixed Courts and the establishment of a set of laws based on the principles of current laws. (Fourth) It necessitates the abolition of the current system, which requires the approval of all countries for every law intended to be enforced on foreigners, and the reliance on another system whereby the current Mixed Courts, or courts formed by a decision of the legislative authority (i.e., the council and the Egyptian and British governments),

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