The White Race, and the cities of Shitu and Peru in Sonkinké were renamed Chite and Eulan; the Zanj were subjugated to the south or mixed with the white element and denied their origins; Ibn Battuta specifically mentioned the tribes of Masoufa and Berdama, "Yoram Al-Tariqba," who roamed the region. There are some useful pages on this matter that can be referred to, as well as another source, Volume II of De lafosse's book (Upper Senegal and Niger). In that era, the Arab migrations known as Al-Hassaniyah arrived, forming the Hassani tribes in the Mauritanian desert, these warrior tribes of certain Arab origin; they are known by this name to distinguish them from the High Tribes or the Zawiya, whose members are devoted to study and religious affairs and do not carry weapons. The Banu Hassan descend from Maqil (6), a name used by Arab historians for one of the many tribes that invaded North Africa during the eleventh and twelfth centuries [AD]. Al-Hasan Al-Wazzan (Leo Africanus) confirms this lineage in his work, stating: "Maqil belongs to Audissan... etc." (7). Marmol (8) also confirms this, and Arab accounts, whether in Mauritania, the Sahel, or the Basin, agree on it. Maqil was divided and lived at the beginning of the twelfth century [AD] in the region of Melouya - Taza - Rif, and in around 1235 [AD] they were summoned to the land of Sous by Ibn Bar, a leader of the Henanata tribe who rebelled against the Almohad Sultan. The Hassani tribes responded and supported him with force, becoming specialized in this. They were divided into two groups: the Thabnat and the Banu Hassan. The former generally sided with the Lamta, who lived near the Atlas Mountains, while the Hassani formed an alliance with Jazula (who remained in the desert). Thus, the tribes of Upper Mauritania became known by the name (6) The established lineage of the Banu Hassan is Hassan bin Musa bin Hamed bin Said bin Al-Mukhtar bin Aqil bin Maqil bin Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Ja'far bin Abi Talib bin Abdul Muttalib. Ibn Khaldun questioned this lineage and attributed them to a Himyarite origin. (7) - The book "Description of Africa" by Al-Hasan bin Muhammad Al-Wazzan, known as Leo Africanus, was written in Italian in Rome in 1526 and translated by Muhammad Al-Akhdar and Muhammad Hajji, and published in Morocco in 1982. (8) - He is Marmol Carvajal, born in Granada in the 16th century, who participated in the conquest of Tunis by Emperor Charles V in 1535, then joined the Saadian Sultans in Marrakech. His stay in the region was approximately twenty-two years. Upon his return, he wrote his book on Africa, which was translated from French in 1984 by a committee of Moroccan professors, published by Dar Al-Maarif.