Muhammad Abbasah - 26 -Annals of Heritage Magazine Nias Al-Khalifa and Sheikh Ibrahim Nias, and Sheikh Al-Hadi Turi, and others.

As for the contemporaries, they are many, including the poet Sheikh Tijan Gaye, Muhammad Al-Amin Aj, and the poet Ahmed Muhammad Jiyyi. In addition to Abd Al-Ahad Al-Kajuri, who has received several awards and is known for his love of the Arabic language and his defense of homelands. Among them also are Malik Sik, Ngugu Aming Al-Siyuti, Baba Amadu Fall, Muhammad Niang, Nafisa Boso, Amina Sisi Al-Khansa, and others.

Senegalese writers have paid more attention to poetry than prose. Nevertheless, valuable books were found in religious and linguistic sciences, including "Al-Jawhar Al-Nafis" in Islamic jurisprudence, "Masalik Al-Jinan" in Sufi gnosis by Sheikh Ahmad Bamba, "Khulasat Al-Dhahab fi Sirat Khayr Al-Arab" by Al-Haj Malik Si in the Prophet's biography, and "Muqaddimat Al-Kuki" by Sheikh Mukhtar Job in language and grammar, and other books authored by poets in prose and verse.

Literature in the State of Mali: The Islamic State of Mali was founded in 638 AH, corresponding to 1240 AD. It included part of western Niger, and Arab-Islamic culture flourished there during the reign of Sultan Musa Kankan, who worked to spread knowledge, protect scholars, and bring books from the East. He also brought to his kingdom many scholars who came from the East, such as Sheikh Ibrahim Al-Sahli, Qadi Abd Al-Rahman Al-Tamimi, and Sheikh Abd Allah Al-Balbali. Some cities also became centers of learning, such as Timbuktu, Jenné, and Gao. The sultans also sent students to schools in North Africa for study.

The state knew scholars famous for their religious, linguistic, and social books, including: Sheikh Ahmad Baba Al-Alim, and his works include "Nail Al-Ibtihaj bi Tatriz Al-Dibaj," on the biographies of scholars of Western Sudan and North Africa. Among them is also Mahmud Ka'ti, who has the book "Tarikh Al-Fattash," on the history of the region during the Songhai Empire. Also, Sheikh Abd Al-Rahman Al-Sa'di, who has the book "Tarikh Al-Sudan," in addition to Sheikh Al-Islam Ahmad Ba'ghigh.