and his people, he inflicted a terrible slaughter and burned Shendi, massacring its inhabitants and solidifying Egyptian government rule over Sennar and Kordofan. Muhammad Bey ruled Sudan during his time, followed by Uthman Bey, who had organized troops. He mistreated the populace, turned against them, and built a cannon he named "Al-Qadi" (The Judge). When someone appealed his judgment, he would tie them in front of the cannon and say, "Judge, O Judge, for the one standing before you." Then the cannon would be fired, its charge striking the person before it. In 1830, Khurshid Pasha was appointed governor of Sudan. He ruled for eleven years, conquered Fasher, and taught the people of Khartoum to roof their houses with bricks instead of hides and straw. Egyptian rule over Sudan remained firmly established and free from disputes until the fires of the Kassala revolt in 1841. The Egyptian government dealt with it decisively and effectively, quelling it before the end of 1842. During this century, a map of Sudan was drawn and divided into seven provinces, called Mudiriyas: Fazughli, Sennar, Khartoum, Daka, Berber, Wadqala, and Kordofan. Many Egyptian governors ruled Sudan, most of whose work was limited to suppressing local revolts and maintaining public order on the Abyssinian border. In 1865, about eight thousand Sudanese soldiers were encamped in Taka. They revolted against the government and refused to obey its orders. The government faced great difficulties in suppressing them and driving them back. The Sudanese troops were then sent to Egypt, and Egyptian troops were stationed in their place. In 1866, the Ottoman government ceded Suakin and Massawa to the Egyptian government. Shortly thereafter, Egyptian troops marched