Sudan Archive

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They prepared another house for him and housed him there, and placed soldiers at his door to guard him. Then, after him, his nephew Sharif Abdullah bin Sharif Surur arrived, exiled and banished. They housed him in a special, confined house, and he was not allowed to meet anyone or express his desires. It is said that all this was by order of the Sultanate. Consequently, the Arab tribes who had come with Sharif Ghalib's word and had hesitated to fight with him, began to turn away from Prince Tosun. Their resolve weakened, they became disheartened, and many of them, along with the Sharifs, migrated and joined the Wahhabis. They fought Prince Tosun's armies fiercely and performed admirably. As a result, a severe famine occurred in the Two Holy Cities, and the supply of grains and flour dwindled. Hunger intensified, and the poor migrated to the mountains, causing immense hardship. During this time, Saud, the chief of the Wahhabis, died, and the Wahhabis appointed his son Abdullah in his place. It was thought that they would falter after his death. News of this reached Prince Tosun, who rejoiced and ordered his armies to march towards (Fanada). They fought there for many days until they conquered and took control of it. News reached the Sultanate of Sharif Ghalib's capture by the Egyptians, and a messenger was sent to inform them of the necessity of collecting what was taken from Sharif Ghalib and returning his belongings, money, and ammunition to him. Muhammad Ali Pasha had already sent two pearl necklaces from Sharif Ghalib's possessions to the Sultanate. The messenger brought them with him and returned them to Sharif Ghalib. On Saturday, the nineteenth of Sha'ban in the year twenty-nine, Sharif Ghalib was brought down to Bulak with his wives, children, servants, and slaves. They traveled with the messenger to Damietta, and from there to Thessaloniki. Muhammad Ali Pasha sent for Sharif Abdullah bin Surur to be brought to the Hijaz. They had intensified his confinement and restrictions. When he arrived in Egypt and remained under house arrest for days, Ketkhuda Bey saw no objection to releasing him, allowing him to go in and out in the streets and visit acquaintances and loved ones. He continued in this state for a month. Then, he decided to escape and disappeared for several days, which alarmed Ketkhuda Bey. He summoned all the neighborhood chiefs and intensified his efforts to find him, deploying spies and patrols. He was extremely concerned about this matter. On the night of Saturday, the twentieth of Rajab in the year twenty-nine, he was brought at sunset to the house of Sayyid Al-Mahruqi and handed over to Ketkhuda Bey. They had found him in Helwan. From that time on, he and his uncle were subjected to harsh treatment and were prevented from marrying until Sharif Ghalib traveled to Thessaloniki and the aforementioned Abdullah traveled to the Hijaz. Muhammad Ali Pasha realized that it was necessary to reconcile with and appease the Sharifs so that the causes of conflict would be resolved and the war, which had dragged on and exhausted the soldiers' spirits, would end. He worked and strategized until he won over Sharif Rajeh, showing him utmost sincerity, providing him with money, and showering him with gifts. His reconciliation was instrumental in the victory of Prince Tosun's armies and the triumph of Muhammad Ali Pasha's cause. Matters became subject to his will, and he achieved his aspirations and more. News of this reached the Sultanate, and a decree arrived from the Sultan adding the Hijaz to the province of Egypt, making it one unified province under his rule. Muhammad Ali Pasha rejoiced greatly and sent the news far and wide. (5 - Al-Kafi, Fourth)

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