Allah 5 This tribe and its followers came to Cairo and presented many gifts to Khedive Ismail Pasha. His daughter died in Cairo, and his son Awad al-Karim succeeded him as leader of his tribe. When the Mahdist call appeared, the Shukria tribe and its leader were among the most loyal tribes to the government. About ten thousand men from them gathered and helped the government to quell the sedition ignited by Sharif Ahmed Taha, whom we have already mentioned. And the Shukria tribe, and more than that, Abdel Qader Pasha Helmi. Indeed, this tribe maintained its loyalty to the government and preferred the pronouncements of the Mahdi to the minds of its leaders and kin, the family of Abu Sinn. When the Mahdi attacked the camp of General Hicks and his call spread throughout Sudan, the Buthaina tribe, who lived west of the Berber desert, was in Khartoum. This Buthaina tribe had joined the Mahdi's call. The Buthaina tribe is also nomadic, and their livestock is less than that of the Shukria tribe in number, not reaching the Buthaina tribe's population of ten thousand men. However, their men are known for their strength and bravery, and they are robbers who cut the roads throughout Sudan. There is hardly a band of robbers or highwaymen that is not from the Buthaina. When this tribe joined the Mahdi's call and its strength grew, the preacher Madani ibn al-Tayyib al-Basir, the Shukria tribe moved away from the riverbank and went into the desert near the Atbara River. So Ibn al-Basir sent to the Buthaina tribe, the Shukria tribe, to raid and plunder their livestock. Awad al-Karim intended by his move from the Atbara River to make Bakr Pasha aware of his intention to open a route from Massawa to Kassala and from there to Khartoum, where he penetrated the Berber desert. Then, when Bakr Pasha returned to Suakin and his campaign failed, the eyes 00091