especially its jurists. And who launched into a jihad to establish the Almoravid state. The lack of deep and active scholarly movement in this region made its people generally characterized by a degree of simplicity and superficiality in religious understanding, both in principles and branches. On the level of creed, their doctrinal conception was closer to superficiality that might lead to anthropomorphism, which Ibn Hawqal depicted in his description of the people of Sūs, saying: "And the Malikis from the harshness of the HASHWIYYA." And on the level of jurisprudence, it was influenced by local conditions that they encountered in their lives. This region was not devoid of sectarian conflict, as the Shi'a sect was known there alongside the Sunni creed and the Maliki jurisprudence. The presence of Shi'as there dates back to the middle of the 6th century AH. And Ibn Hazm said about them: "The sect that was there is known as the Bajaliyya." A sect called the Bajaliyya, attributed to Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Warasand Al-Bajali. He was from the people of Nafta in the province of Gafsa and Qastiliyya from the districts of Ifriqiya. Then this infidel moved to the lands of the Maghreb. He was followed by a group of people who were followers of Yahya ibn Abdullah ibn Al-Husayn ibn Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib. They are numerous there in the suburbs of the city of Sūs, openly declaring their disbelief. See Al-Susi, Sūs al-ʿĀlima, p. 82. Ibn Hawqal, Surat al-Ard, p. 83. Ibid., p. 84. See a comprehensive study related to it, "The Bajaliyya Shi'a in the Far Maghreb" by Al-Widad Al-Qadi, in the proceedings of the First Conference on the History of the Arab Maghreb and its Civilization, vol. 1, p. 167. Ibn Hazm, Al-Fasl fi al-Milal wa al-Ahwa' wa al-Nihal, p. 23.