Sudan Archive

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The 'Asalah of the Hanana tribe, the general public, and yet the 'Iktuwakid lived. And then the 'Abbarha were defeated.

And at the head of the learned world was the great Ahmad Bab, to Marrakesh, bound in chains. Thus, the elite, the educated, lived in 'Iktuw. Ahmad Bab was one of its most prominent representatives.

And the Sultan was enraged. He was not satisfied with the wealth plundered from Sudan, nor with the payment of one hundred thousand mithqal of gold, in exchange for the withdrawal of the Moroccan army. Rather, he desired more. He believed that Ibn Zurqun had not sent him his full share, so he sent Mansur bin Abd al-Rahman, with secret instructions to kill him and replace him. The news reached Ibn Zurqun, who preferred to die fighting the Sengu.

He exploited his ability to conspire, and stirred up - Joder's role had not yet ended - trouble. The dispute reached the Sultan, who divided - the problems before acknowledging Ibn Abd al-Rahman - the authority between them: civil authority to Joder, and supervision of the army to Ibn Abd al-Rahman.

Events followed rapidly. Ibn Abd al-Rahman died after twenty months, and it is said that Joder poisoned him. His work was completed by Tayya, who came from Marrakesh at the head of a small army. Tayya acted foolishly when he removed Joder from the military command he had assumed after the death of Ibn Abd al-Rahman, and as a result, he too died. It is said that despite the success Joder achieved in crushing the attempt by Mansa Mahmud III, King of Mali, to exploit the chaos that followed the Moroccan invasion to support his kingdom, Joder Pasha, a commander of Portuguese origin sent from Marrakesh, managed to take his position and return him to Marrakesh in the year 1701.

Morocco was unable to maintain sufficient forces in Sudan to establish order. He was the last Pasha sent from - in the region of Sennar, between Joder's return and the arrival of Qara - and the Moroccans tried to send reinforcements from Marrakesh in the year 1701.

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