28o THE GUHAYNA GROUP iii.s.vm.
B. Sot
fl. RiAFA
I (a) AwLAD Abu 'Ayad
(b) El FeraygAt
(c) AwlAd Abu Nigad
(d) „ Sa'adan
(e) NAs Kelbi n/)ELMEsA'iD
Shabul^
'{a) KenAt, or KenayAt ^/(«) AwlAd Um Sunta
(b) AwlAd Borkowi \{b) „ Sa'adAn
(c) „ Abu 'Ali
(d) El BedAkin
(d) HAWAZMA
IX The HawAzma are perhaps more mixed with purely extraneous
elements than any other BakkAra tribe, as the " nisba "-writers knew^, and this is due to the fact that during the greater part of the year they
live among the villages of Bedayria and other semi-Arab peoples in
the country lying immediately north of the Nuba hills. Of the three main divisions of the tribe one, the Halafa, is little more than a
league^ of families of TakArir^ from the west, Gellaba Howara and ZenAra from the north^, Gawama'a and Nuba, who in the days
of the Fung desired to pasture their cattle under the protection and
the name of the HawAzma. The large and once powerful Asirra
section are in Kordofan reckoned to be Bedayria.
There would seem to be some connection between the true
original HawAzma and the Beni Harb of the Hegaz, who are neigh-
bours of the Guhayna and the supposition may in that case apply
equally to most of the BakkAra. As evidence of this connection the
following passage from Burton's Pilgrimage'^ may be cited
:
The Benu Harb is now the ruling clan in the Holy Land. It is divided by genealogists into two great bodies, first, the Banu Salim, and, secondly,
^ A section of the same name occurs among the Manasir, and the best known brand of the Hamar Gharaysfa and of the Towal Kababish is also called the "shabiil."
^ These two small sections, both in Kordofan, belong either to the Riafa or the Shabul.
^ Cp. in particular D i cxxxiv.
* Hence their name. They sealed the alliance with an oath (i.e. I aaJL*. " halafu ")
.
For precisely the same custom in Arabia see Robertson Smith, p. 45.
^ Many villages of Fellata and Takdrfr are scattered in the Bedayria-Hawdzma country south of el Obeid.
* Both tribes are originally connected with the North African Berbers. The Zenara were a branch of the Luata. For the Howara see Part H, Ch. i, App.
' II, 120; and cp. II, 28, and i, 231, where the "Howazim" are also mentioned
as a turbulent section of Harb near Medina. Doughty {Wanderings..., 11, 135) also mentions "Hazim, an ancient fendy of Harb...snibbed as Heteym."