The events of 1924 were a series of scattered yet interconnected occurrences. Although they took place in various parts of Sudan, they were linked in one way or another to the political events and developments in Egypt and Sudan. Therefore, they were directed against British policy and the British presence in Sudan. What happened in 1924 was a national movement that worked to liberate Sudan and Egypt from British colonialism and achieve the unity of the Nile Valley (63). Several factors led to the events of 1924. Among the most important, as we have mentioned, is that the tones of revolution resonated deeply within people, causing what was latent under the ashes to explode. Similarly, the growth of national spirit among a new class led the 1924 revolution, due to the expansion of civil education and the development of Sudanese-Egyptian relations, especially among those who came to Sudan as employees, workers, soldiers, and immigrants. The spread of secret resistance to colonialism was also among the factors that led to the 1924 revolution (68). Among these factors was also the transfer of the effects of the 1919 revolution in Egypt to Sudan. The enemy was common, and the Sudanese, like the Egyptians, realized that the interest of both countries lay in getting rid of the common colonizer, who controlled the reins of power, managed affairs in his favor, and exploited the people and natural resources of both countries. The revolutionary spirit that spread in Egypt reached Sudan. A report by the Director of Intelligence, Mr. Wallis, stated that Egyptians were inciting Sudanese to revolt and that the Egyptian Wafd Party was in contact with educated Sudanese to coordinate efforts between the North and the South (69). In 1923, during the celebration of the Prophet's birthday, Al-Bushy recited his famous poem, as he did every year in the government's mosque, which begins with:

Your steadfastness from the established paths, your heart is divided, and you have a divider. This poem, which contained a high national spirit and a clear lament for the state of Muslims after the loss of the Islamic Caliphate, was heard by senior government officials, led by the Governor of Sudan. This poem ignited the situation, and the youth, inspired by it, began to roam the celebration grounds inside the Khalifa Mosque in Omdurman, chanting slogans against the government. This led to...

116 African Studies