and real estate and some financial disputes, as we mentioned earlier. We can summarize the points of contention as follows: First: Lands. After the conquest, Mr. Ahmed, on behalf of the Marghani family, submitted a request to the government for some lands in Kassala, which he considered property of the Marghani House. In 1904, an agreement was reached regarding these lands. As a result of this agreement, a large piece of land, bounded by roads in the direction of the Qash River, and another piece north of Old Kassala, were granted. His personal request for a quarry (Qal'a) was rejected, but he was allowed to take stone from it for free. The granting of the land was subject to conditions that included the state's general interests, such as the right to build a road and other provisions. In 1908, the agreement was amended to expand the Kassala market. Until 1912, the Marghani family was unable to exploit the land and benefit from it due to the dispute between Mr. Ali and Mr. Ahmed. Therefore, the government threatened to cancel the agreement if they did not cease their dispute and utilize the land. However, the disputes persisted, exacerbated by the interventions of the successors and their movements between the two brothers, reaching their peak in 1919. This prompted the government to intervene and divide the land itself. In addition to this land, there were properties belonging to the two brothers in Kassala and some lands in Al-Hanaqa, which were also a cause of constant dispute.

In Khartoum, there was also a dispute over land and buildings. Mr. Muhammad Uthman II, son of Mr. Ali, owned a piece of land in Khartoum Bahri with an area of 57 feddans. The government acquired this plot for public benefit and offered compensation, either in kind or in cash. Mr. Ali, following the advice of Mr. Ahmed, chose in-kind compensation and received six feddans in Khartoum city, on which Mr. Ali's palace was built. The brothers agreed to build the palace jointly. The agreement was fulfilled, and each party paid their full share. The reason for the dispute that erupted over it was Mr. Ali's registration of the palace in his name, neglecting the rights of his brothers to the land and the right of his brother to the land and the palace. Later, after the death of Mr. Ahmed, his son Mr. Muhammad Uthman (Shambat) filed a complaint against Abu Salim.

Abu Salim: Research in the History of Sudan, pages 20, 21. Abu Salim: The same source, page 32.