to the Anthropology of the Sudan. 149

Table III.

Tribe. No. Stature. Tribe. No. Stature.

Shilluks ... 11 1-777 m. Bertawi...

1

8 1*666 m.

Nubawi ... 20 1-735 Tagalawi 7 1*659

Binkas 17 1-727 Furawi ... 18 1-653

Bandawi ... 4 1-701 Fertitawi 4 1-638

Bongawi ... 4 1-691 Niam-niam 1 1-627

Hamagawi 5 1-677

We note the relative tallness of the Binkas, Shilluks and Nubawi as compared with the Blue Nile tribes and the tribes of the S.W. G-hazal.1

As far as these various data permit us to draw any conclusions it would seem that the Nubawi and Furawi with their respective branches, the Tagalawi and Birketawi, are very closely related, a conclusion to which Keane was also drawn in his study of the Sudanese tribes. In fact he says,2 “ from Kordofan

. . . . they (i.e., the Nubawi) spread west to Bar Fur and Wadai where they are now represented by the Furs, Kunjaras, and the Tynjurs.” From our data it would also appear that the southern tribes are relatively broad-headed, e.g., the Bongawi have a cephalic index of 76T4, the Niam-niam one of 75*77, the Fertitawi one of 78*76, and as Table III shows are shorter than the true Nilotic Negroes.3 In fact, it seems that the extreme dolichocephaly which is usually associated with the Sudanese tribes is confined to the region of the White Nile

(and perhaps to the S.E. Ghazal), the tribes further south and in Bar Nuba and

Bar Fur being more or less mesati-cephalic.

For comparison the tribes have been arranged in Table IY according to their habitats, and from this the same general results inter alia appear.

1 Dr. Pirrie’s measurements of the stature of the Shilluks confirm our results, in contrast to Schweinfurth’s statement {op. cit. vol. i, p. 17) that they are of “ very moderate ” height. On the other hand, according to Dr. Pirrie, the Nubawi are not so tall, their position in his table

being close to the Furawi, whom they closely resemble in other physical measurements.

2 Man Past and Present, 1899, p. 73.

3 Excluding tribes in which only one representative was measured, we find a remarkable agreement between the late Dr. Pirrie’s results and our own, so far as the cephalic index is concerned thus :

Dinkas Shilluks Nubawi Furawi Fertitawi Bongawi Gebelawi

Dr. Pirrie’s results 72*8 71*4 75-9 75*0 78*3 76-7 76-3 Our Own results 72*7 71-7 76-2 74*4 78-8 761 74T

The other data, however, o^ten show considerable divergence, due, no doubt, in great part to individual differences in taking the same measurements.