Anglo -Egyptian] 89 LABOUR the Uganda Railway across the Central Railway to the south end of Lake řanganyika. None of these routes, however, appears to be feasible at the present time.

(B ) INDUSTRY ( 1 ) LABOUR (a ) Supply ; Emigration and Immigration According to the value of its contribution to the general prosperity of the country, the population of the Sudan may be roughly divided into three classes.

* The first consists of the primitive and unsophisticated natives of the southern districts, who so farhave little economic value , and in most cases do not repay the cost of administration ; the second includes the nomad and pastoral sections of the “ * Arabicized ” population, who contribute, indirectly as local transporters, and directly by the sale of their animals, to the general welfare; whilethe third comprises theurban and agri cultural population, native and foreign, to whose enterprise and labour the prosperity of the country is mainly due.

To the first class belong practically the entire population of the Bahr el-Ghazal, Mongalla, Nuba Mountains, and Upper Nile provinces, 14 per cent. of that of Darfur, and28 per cent. of that of the White Nile province. In all, 54 per cent. of the total popula tion of the Sudan belongs to this class .

The numbers in the second class are estimated to amount to about 10 per cent . of the total population ; but, as in most Oriental countries , particularly where the population is nomad, it is difficult to obtain an accurate census . The true Arabs, of whom this class is largely composed, have never been inclined to work ; from time immemorial they have been accustomed to supervise the labour of slaves ; and in the Sudan of to -day, from which the slave -trade has been abolished, theirenergies are confined in the main to camel-breed