16 (No. 96 GEOGRAPHY -with three divisions, south -west of the Nuba Moun tains . All these are large and wealthy tribes, with many divisions and numerous flocks and herds . In the White Nile province and the Gezira the chief tribes are the Hassania - probably the largest in the district - in habiting both river banks from Geteina to Kawa and extending into Berber ; and the Gimma, of the Gedid district near Kosti , owning large herds of cattle, gum plantations, and arable land. In Darfur the Arab tribes form the most important section of the popula tion .

(3) The Nubas were probably the chief aboriginal inhabitants of the northern and central Sudan , where, according to some authorities, they were once the ruling race and the creators of ancient Meroe. After the Arab invasion the majority of the Nile Nubas were ab sorbed into the conquering tribes, but isolated groups survive, chiefly on the Nile banks between the First and Fourth cataracts. These Nubas or Nubians ( Barabra ) 1 are probably a quite distinct race from the Nubas proper, the inhabitants of the Nuba mountains .

(4) The Negroid type appears to be largely repre. sented in Darfur and on the Upper Blue Nile, butour knowledge of these races is still imperfect. The so called " black Arabs " of Darfur, such as the Zaghawa and Bedajat in the north-east, are probably negroids, being the result of perpetual intermarriages of the Arab immigrants with the black races . In the present state of our knowledge, however, no definite conclusion can be drawn on this point.

(5) The Negroes of the Sudan , mostly found south of the twelfth parallel, consist of a bewilderingnumber of distinct peoples, greatly varying in size, colour, char acter, and language. Only a few of the more impor tant' rąces can be described . They have been divided by Frobenius into three groups: the negroes of the swamps,those of the ironstone plateau, and the Nyam Nyam of the Nile-Congo watershed. This classifica tion , based on distinct ethnic characters, will be fol lowed here.

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