The water supply available at present

The amount of water available in low years is, of course, what must be relied upon to meet the needs of irrigation in the Delta.

We have records of the Nile, updated day by day in recent years, which are sufficient to determine the characteristics of low floods and their water volume.

The table includes the results of this information, showing the approximate discharge at Aswan in each of the seven years.

Which is equivalent to an average of 1416-141. The Nile's decline, which reached its peak in the year.

Flood in the last twenty years:

Table

Approximate discharge at Aswan below the reservoir in each of the seven years of the Nile's most severe decline during the two periods.

Years. Estimated in millions of cubic meters:

Floods. Summer. Year. May. June. July. August. September. October. November. December. Total discharge for the year. Remarks.

Severe low years. 1913-14. 1914-15. 1915-16.

Moderate low years. 1916-17. 1917-18. 1918-19.

A year with a flood below average. The flood of 1918 was exceptionally low, considering that the nearest flood to it in 1914. It is clear that the flood of 1918.

Increased its water volume by 1.5%, which is at a time when water is needed, from July to the end of December. Since such a flood occurs very rarely.

The impact of the 1918 flood was very significant for Egypt, as a similar flood had not occurred before.

In history, twenty years or more, it was certain that a shortage would follow. But thanks to the barrages built on the Nile.

At several locations, it was possible to raise the water level in the canals, thus providing the lands needing irrigation with the usual amounts of water.

Regardless of the severity of the flood's decline.

However, in Upper Egypt, there is one area that does not have barrages to supply its canals with water in this manner. It has been affected by the shortage.

If the planned works in 1918 in Sudan had been in place at that time, this shortage would have been exacerbated. But the construction of another barrage.

At Nag Hammadi, along with extending the canals taking from the Nile at the Assiut barrages, would suffice to protect the irrigation of the Kena and Qena regions from all future risks. It is called the conversion of the area affected by this project to the summer irrigation system. Therefore.

It is expected to be sufficient even when the water is drawn from the flood in Sudan. The proposed works now draw their water from the flood in Sudan.

By comparing this column with the figures in the table, it is clear that the supply is much less than the future demand. As for the current demand, there is an excess in six of the years. But from an agricultural perspective, this is a superficial increase rather than a real one, because.

From April to June. Not so.

To compare, under these figures, it should have been.

The water was available in the reservoir. If the reservoir had been.

This is the distribution of water.

During the flood season and the summer season, not the total amount in the year.