In addition to managing the water needed to cover the deficit mentioned above through storage and balancing canals, it is necessary to expand the current area in terms of water quantity and distribution times.

Considering the limited means of controlling water for irrigation in the past, agriculture was not expanded as it could have been. The cultivated area in Lower Egypt increased significantly due to the desire of the people. However, around the year 1, During this period, most of the lands currently irrigated in Upper Egypt during the summer were converted from basin irrigation to the perennial system.

The results of the following works will be to provide the necessary water to expand the scope of agriculture.

It is estimated that the total need is to reclaim... feddans of fallow land and convert... feddans from basin irrigation to summer irrigation.

If expansion can be achieved at these rates, the agricultural potential of the country will be realized within... years from today.

Agricultural areas in Sudan and their agricultural needs.

The Nile flows in Sudan from the Egyptian border to Khartoum in a narrower channel than in Upper Egypt. The areas We have evidence that in ancient times, there was a strong connection to agriculture.

The most likely explanation is that they benefited from the natural abundance of the river's water and supplemented it with individual efforts using available lifting devices.

As for the more recent past, a few small areas were cultivated using the basin irrigation method. An increase in The use of summer water for the first time was only in the early current year, with the exception of a few scattered feddans here and there.

Above Khartoum (where the two Niles meet), the Blue Nile crosses a vast plain formed by the confluence of the two rivers. The lands between the two rivers near their confluence are fertile and are still cultivated to some extent due to The limited rainfall they receive each year.

The Sudanese government proposed studies to determine if In the year, if It is possible to produce exportable crops such as wheat, cotton, and sugar through irrigation.

It was seen that to reach a satisfactory result, it might be necessary to use summer water. However, as the available supply was limited, an agreement was reached between the Egyptian and Sudanese governments to determine the amount of Sudanese land that could be supplied with summer water, setting this amount at an initial 10,000 feddans. This agreement was possible due to the presence of the Aswan Dam, which made Egypt's situation with low floods It was reassuring. The results of this agreement will be seen when the need arises.

The Nile's water supply for either country will be more abundant than it was in the year.

Sudan's summer area was increased to... to allow Sudan to utilize this right... feddans. And to date, Which is used for cultivating... feddans of summer crops. However, the Sudanese government is currently undertaking a project to utilize...

Feddans in the near future, about a third of which will require water for irrigation each year. This project is feasible because Both countries have made the necessary arrangements to increase the water supply.

This is the immediate program, but there are larger projects postponed for the future because the area of... feddans is only a part Of the feddans that could potentially be cultivated with summer irrigation by the end of the century, out of a total area of approximately...

By then, Egypt will have reached its agricultural peak much earlier, meaning within... years from today. Sudan will have reclaimed no more than one million feddans, and there will be no need to consider any further agricultural reclamation in Sudan before Approaching that goal around the year...