--- 73 ---- The Plague 370 The plague has receded in recent years but returned due to poor sanitation in 1910. This is particularly evident from the occurrence of pneumonic plague – the most contagious and deadly form of this disease – which is almost exclusively confined to the Upper Egypt governorates. The number of pneumonic plague cases, including those with complications, reached 250 in 1907 and 1685 in 1908, but dropped to 9 in 1909. However, it rose again in 1910 to 159, and it is almost certain that the number of cases will increase significantly in 1911. The main reason for this increase is likely due to the negligence of village officials in reporting outbreaks. Therefore, measures have been taken to ensure proper surveillance. As for bubonic plague, it has become almost endemic in some parts of Lower Egypt. The number of cases reached 1238 in 1910, compared to 513 in 1909. The number of deaths was 142, compared to 76 in 1909. The reasons for this increase may be the same as those mentioned for pneumonic plague. It is also worth noting that the results of serum treatment, which has not been widely adopted in this country, have been disappointing, as indicated by the statements of English and French health officials in the Far East.

«38» - Infant Mortality The significant increase in infant mortality in the spring and early summer of 1909 did not occur in 1910. Research indicates that the direct cause of the deadly epidemics was the strong correlation between the number of cases and weather conditions. It is also clear that proper care and management in raising and feeding children play a significant role, creating conditions that lead to a decrease in mortality, and vice versa. The "Adkros" dispensaries, mentioned last year, continued their work. The number of new cases in the two currently open dispensaries was 18,366, and the number of patients treated was 13,000. The "Society for the Protection of Children," headed by Rushdi Pasha, Minister of Foreign Affairs, is also providing valuable service in assisting mothers in caring for and educating their children. The number of