The scientific specialists. The department realizes the importance of preserving good cotton varieties in their purity and of finding other varieties suitable for the country's nature. It has been decided to establish a cotton breeding station directly under the supervision of the botanist and to conduct experiments with superior varieties there. However, the department's efforts are currently focused on improving existing cotton varieties rather than creating new ones. It is interested in eradicating the variety known as "Indian" and intends to use it from selected fields for breeding the seeds intended for distribution. They have begun monitoring the distribution of seeds, which is currently limited to the Eastern Directorate but will include others in the future.

The deficiency in soil fertility was due to the replacement of the second crop with the third crop, which has been a cause for concern for a long time. Farmers have resorted to this, and governors have seized every opportunity to suggest changing the method used when necessary.

The Egyptian government has taken many of the measures proposed by the committee tasked with combating insects that attack cotton bushes. The head of the department used special means in 1910 to combat the cotton worm and the two bollworms, which were particularly destructive in 1909. Five inspectors were appointed to increase supervision of the work being done to combat the cotton worm. The government also allocated funds for the use of a group of individuals with extensive experience and abundant knowledge of the country's agricultural conditions. Three of them were appointed to the new Ministry of Agriculture afterward. The government also appointed 25 deputy inspectors, including two Orion, so these, along with 366 assistants and 70 clerks, were the special body appointed to assist local governors in searching for the presence of the worm and eradicating it from the areas where it appeared by removing infected leaves. The members of the local agricultural society also rendered great services. Preparations to combat the worm began in April, a month before the start of the campaign in 1909, and its control continued until September with a diligence that deserves praise for all who participated. All means were used to dissuade the people from relying on this pest, based on their belief that it was a destined matter for their cultivation. Many directors and officials, in addition to the inspectors, toured the directorates and met with farmers from time to time. The minister and the advisor visited and personally oversaw each directorate in Lower Egypt. The police were sometimes asked for assistance in forcing people to use the worm in the areas where it appeared. Ministerial instructions and various writings about the worm were distributed in villages and mosques, emphasizing the necessity of exerting effort in