Sudan Archive

Open the original scan

OriginalTranslateMachine translation — not a source document

It is inevitable that it will change over time, and therefore it is necessary to protect the farmer's land until he changes his habits. The principle upon which the past law was based, which allowed for the seizure of government employees' salaries and pensions to settle debts, and the law that allowed for the seizure of tools and implements of a craftsman's trade. People generally approved of this law, as far as I can tell, and farmers greatly approve of it. However, some objected that it prevents farmers from borrowing the money needed to cultivate and repair their lands. In reality, a farmer who owns a small piece of land, estimated at five feddans, is sufficient for him and his possessions to cultivate it without needing to borrow money. He borrows seeds from the government, agreeing to pay their price after harvest. And among these are the lands that farmers own for cultivation, so we do not need any financial expenditure on them. However, if he wants to develop new land, money is needed for its design and the excavation of what it needs, such as canals and irrigation channels. But these works are usually done by wealthy individuals or companies, and after they spend the necessary money on their work, they hand them over to the people. The government has begun to implement this matter in its fallow lands in Beheira, where it spent five pounds per feddan to complete the canals and irrigation channels, making it ready for cultivation. Then it handed it over to the farmers, divided into plots of five feddans each, for a certain number of years. The farmers have begun to cultivate these lands, as this evidence shows. If this experiment proves successful, the intention is to divide a portion of the fallow lands suitable for cultivation and distribute them to farmers to prevent their excessive crowding in certain parts of the country. The Egyptian countryside, where the number of inhabitants per feddan of land exceeds the number in every European country. Some objected that increasing the number of farmer-owners would reduce the rents of large landowners. However, if we consider the number of inhabitants and the area of land that becomes suitable for cultivation after the completion of drainage and irrigation works, we must acknowledge that it will take many years for rents to decrease. The current rent varies from 12 to 18 parts per feddan. This is the ownership of a farmer of five feddans, free of debt, from which he can live comfortably and raise his children well. And let it be a lesson to those who are ahead of him that the farmer is entitled and has the right to be spared deprivation.

Text produced by OCR — report an error