The New System of Rulers

The Dual Rule When Britain entered Sudan, the British and Egyptian flags were raised by the two rulers as a symbol of the new dual rule. The governments of Britain and Egypt (which was under British dominance) concluded the Dual Rule Agreement, according to which the supreme military and civil presidency was delegated to an official who would be the Governor-General of Sudan, nominated by Britain and appointed by the Khedive of Egypt. Kitchener was appointed the first Governor-General of Sudan. He divided the country into provinces, and these into districts. Egyptian army officers, who were "English," managed their affairs, while Egyptians held lower positions, such as Amir in the districts.

Intelligence The new rule established a strong intelligence network to understand the people's conditions, ensure their loyalty, and track any trace of loyalty to the Mahdi. It also aimed to instill opposing doctrines and trends. The government launched strong campaigns to eradicate the teachings of the Ansar and banned the recitation of the Ratib of Imam Mahdi, which is a collection of verses and supplications that Imam Mahdi ordered to be recited as praise to God before sunrise and before sunset. It also prohibited the possession or reading of Imam Mahdi's publications and the naming of children as Ansar. It attempted to control my movements and prevent me from traveling. The intelligence service was tasked with uncovering these prohibitions, and the government expected the harshest punishments for those who violated them.

Darfur Province The influence of the Dual Rule extended to all regions of modern Sudan, except for Darfur Province. Kitchener believed from the outset that the difficulty of ruling it directly justified him exerting general dominance over it. When Ali Dinar, son of Sultan Muhammad al-Fadl, managed to seize control of it following the chaos that engulfed the country after the Battle of Omdurman and became Sultan on his fathers' throne, the Sudan government worked to conclude an agreement with him, recognizing his authority in exchange for an annual tribute paid to the government.