Yarim Jah. He was the last to rule Egypt from the Ikhshidid dynasty. With his deposition, the days of this state came to an end. Its rule did not last more than fifty-four years.

"The Fatimid State" (Caliphate of Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah) The Fatimid state was at that time under the caliphate of Abu Tamim, known as Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah, son of Al-Qaim bi-Amr Allah. Its base was Mahdia, and its dominion extended over Ifriqiya (meaning North Africa from Barqa to Marrakesh), Malta, Sardinia, Sicily, and most of the Mediterranean islands.

This caliph had been trying to conquer Egypt since he ascended the throne, but he had not succeeded. Then, when a dispute arose between Abu al-Hasan Ali and Kafur, the situation changed. When Kafur took over the rule of these lands himself, Al-Mu'izz paused for a while. At the end of Kafur's reign, he dispatched Jawhar, whom he had well-prepared, under his command.

Jawhar was a Mamluk slave of Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah, whom he called Abu al-Hasan and held in high esteem. He rose to the rank of vizier, becoming commander of the armies. In the year 340 AH, he was sent with an army to Ifriqiya. He defeated several tribes, conquered cities, and marched to Fez, which he besieged for a period.

He then marched to Sijilmasa, and from there to the Atlantic Ocean. He collected provisions and water, and sent them to his master, Al-Mu'izz, informing him that he had conquered all the lands and peoples he had passed through until he reached the Atlantic Ocean. He then returned to Fez and besieged it again until he conquered it by force. He returned at the end of that year, his prestige greatly enhanced.

Al-Mu'izz then resolved to send armies to take Egypt and made preparations for it. Commander Jawhar arrived, and with him were more than one hundred thousand horsemen and more than ten thousand chests of money. Al-Mu'izz met with him daily in private to discuss matters. He gave him access to his treasuries, from which he took what he needed in addition to what he had already carried. It is said that one day Al-Mu'izz went out, and Jawhar stood before him as the army gathered. Al-Mu'izz turned to the sheikhs he had sent with Jawhar and said, "By God, if this Jawhar went out alone, he would conquer Egypt. You will enter Egypt in embroidered garments without a fight and will reside in the ruins of Ibn Tulun, in a city called Cairo, which will conquer the world." Al-Mu'izz ordered gold to be poured into the treasury and carried with Jawhar, openly displayed for all to see.