Do not trust the security of time, for it has left me with a friend who has not honored my rights. I have killed the leaders of men and left no enemy, nor have I spared any creature in its tyranny.

I have emptied the royal house of all contenders, scattering them to the west and east. When I reached the stars in honor and elevation, And the necks of all creation became my slaves, Death shot an arrow at my throat, and here I am in my grave, swiftly taken. They are silenced and fear the oppressor. Al-Mu'tadid was feared by his companions, who dreaded him.

He was stingy, yet chaste. He was on the throne of the Abbasid Caliphate, Al-Muktafi Billah, son of Al-Mu'tadid, in the year 905.

He wished to carry out what his predecessor had intended in Syria and Egypt. So he sent an army to Syria under the command of Muhammad ibn Sulayman, who took possession of it immediately. He then attacked Egypt and penetrated it until he reached its capital, Al-Fustat. Harun prepared to defend himself, and his forces dwindled day by day, as some of them defected to the enemy after each battle. This was not the end of the misery, for Harun's own camp was a hotbed of intrigue and strife among his men. The fighting intensified, and one day Harun mounted his horse and began to rally them. Then some of them attacked each other, and he was stabbed by one of the Maghribis and fell dead. His reign lasted for 25 years, all of them filled with misery and misfortune. It is said that his uncle Shayban was the one who killed him.

Shayban ibn Ahmad.

(The End of the Tulunid Dynasty) On the day of his death, his uncle Shayban was proclaimed caliph. However, he did not enjoy the caliphate for long, as the people rejected him unanimously. They informed Muhammad ibn Sulayman and asked for his protection, which he granted. Then they urged him to march to Egypt. He marched until he reached Al-Fustat, where he was met by Tugj and many other commanders. They escorted him to Al-Fustat. When Shayban saw their insistence and that he had no one to rely on, he agreed to surrender. Muhammad ibn Sulayman took charge of affairs and granted them amnesty. As for Shayban, he was not found.

He fled the city where he resided and disappeared from the camp at night. Muhammad ibn Sulayman sent for him, but he was not found. Others said that he did not flee but was killed as retribution for killing Harun ten days after his death. Thus, the Tulunid dynasty ended after ruling for 26 years and a few months.