He was placed in the caliphate and demanded his abdication, and he continued until he entered Damascus in the second month of the year.

He took power and pledged allegiance to him, and all the people pledged allegiance to Caliph Ibrahim because he had bought his life. This pledge was for a period of days, and he lived for six years after his abdication. The caliphate of Ibrahim.

The caliphate of Marwan bin Hamd.

He is the fourteenth caliph of the Banu Umayya and the last of them. Marwan bin Hamd had three titles.

The first is Abu Abd al-Malik, which he was given on the birth of his eldest son. The second is Al-Jari, named after his grandfather, Ibn Durtham. The third is Ammar, and he was more famous for this than any other. The origin of this title is that he was steadfast in wars, so they called him the wild ass. Then the second word was neglected and forgotten, and only the first remained.

When the pledge of allegiance to him for the caliphate was completed in Damascus and the matter was settled, he returned to his home in Harran.

He sent Ibrahim al-Khalu'i, Ibn al-Walid, and Sulayman bin Hisham, who asked Marwan for security, and he granted it to them. So they came to him, and with them Abdal-Malik bin Musa, and Sulayman and his brothers and his family pledged allegiance to Marwan bin.

Ibn al-Walid, the governor of Egypt, with Hassan bin Atiyyah Al-Najbi, which displeased the rebels, and they revolted against him. And they said, "We will not be satisfied except with victory." A group of them rode to the mosque and called for the abdication of Marwan. And they imprisoned Hassan in his house and said, "Get out of our way, for you will not stay with us." So they expelled him. days after his appointment, and they expelled with him Isa bin Abi Atah, the tax collector. So Marwan appointed Egypt, Abdal-Malik bin Musa, and this was his third appointment to it. And in the year Marwan appointed Al-Hawtharah bin Sahil bin Ajlan, and the Egyptians were not satisfied with this, so he marched to them in the first of the Haram. The army gathered to prevent him, so Hafs ordered them to fight. They fought and and he rode outside Fustat. And after a year Rajab, 74, and a half, in the year He dismissed Hawtharah and appointed Abd al-Malik bin Musa in his place. He was the governor of the treasury.

When he took over the governorship, he ordered the construction of minbars in the provinces, which had not existed before. The governors used to stand on the staff next to the Qibla. And Al-Mughirah is the last to rule Egypt from the Umayyad state.

Because it was on the verge of collapse, and corruption had spread throughout the Islamic kingdom, Homs revolted against Marwan, and it was the first to openly declare its call, and he demanded that it submit, but it refused. And so it was.

Damascus did the same, and it was the first to call for his pledge of allegiance. Sulayman bin Hisham pledged allegiance to him in Basra. Then he advanced with his army to Qinnasrin, and Marwan fought him and killed thirty thousand of his men, so Sulayman was defeated. rattle)