These emirates and sheikhdoms were forced to turn south and connect with Sultan Amara Dongas, who controlled the trade in that sector, which was the center for trade gathering and its departure towards the east.

The Kingdom of Alwa was destroyed in the year 1004/910 AH, corresponding to 1500 AD, but the princes remained in their old capital until December 1521 AD/927 AH.

However, Amara Dongas was forced to move his seat of government to the city of Sennar in the year 1034 AH/1534 AD, the year in which the Islamic mujahid Ahmed Al-Qareen was killed. He had been fighting the Christian kings of Abyssinia after the activity of the Islamic movement in that eastern part began to gradually decline due to the intervention of the Portuguese alongside the Christian Abyssinians. However, this does not mean that the city of Sennar was founded in the tenth Hijri century, the sixteenth century AD, because its establishment and development had taken place long before that, but its adoption as a capital occurred at that time.

It is certain that Amara Dongas and his Arab allies participated effectively in the Islamic jihad movement that was taking place in that region of the African continent, specifically in the area east of the Blue Nile, when he fought the Bilo tribes in the northwestern region of Ethiopia. This is because the continuous local Sudanese narratives mention that there was fighting and conflict between the Funj, led by Amara Dongas, and the African Bilo tribes in the first ten years of the sixteenth century AD. The princes of the Funj and their Arab allies emerged victorious from it, just as they had previously triumphed over the Kingdom of Soba. Some accounts also mention that Amara Dongas had contact with the Ottomans, who extended their influence over Suakin in 1517 AD, before his departure to Sennar in 1534-1543 AD. Political circumstances dictated this move for the Funj, including the proximity of these sultans to new spheres of influence, as their sultanate had extended over the Nile Valley.