Egyptian Sudan 36 For the reasons we have mentioned, and to confirm what has been stated, Wingate Pasha addressed the Sudanese on the day of his appointment as Governor of Sudan and Mudir of the Egyptian Army. Wingate Pasha, who was the greatest of the Sudanese and their tribes, and who was familiar with them and their customs, did not tell them that he was appointed to administer their country by the government of His Majesty the Khedive. Instead, he began his proclamation with the following phrase: "His Highness Prince Abbas Pasha, Khedive of Egypt, protector of the people, may God protect him, has chosen me to be the Mudir of his army and governor of the Sudanese provinces, after an agreement with Great Britain." etc. He concluded his proclamation by saying: "God willing, I will be able to carry out the will of His Highness the Great Khedive." The agreement with Britain was made ambiguous in its expression of his appointment, so that the Sudanese would understand that the Khedive had appointed him alone, as was their custom in political appointments. Any statement beyond this statement would have strengthened the claims of those who argued for the separation of Sudan from Egyptian rule and considered the Sudanese a nation separate from the Egyptian nation. If it were not for General Wingate's consideration of the Sudanese and their customs, he would have begun his proclamation in the name of His Majesty the Sultan and the Queen ruling Egypt or its Khedive, in the manner in which he mentioned the name of "Great Britain." When we return to General Wingate's book itself and to other authors, we learn that "to rely on them in Sudan" and to consider them as "Sudanese" refers to the Arabs who came to Sudan from Egypt. They are the masters, they are the influential ones, and they are the Sudanese. If he takes their opinion and their customs into account, then let those authors who claim that Egypt and the Sudanese nation are one nation explain how to reconcile the statements of these expert historians themselves with their claims. Is it not our right to say that it is a claim