48 (2) Long or doubled sounds, both consonants and vowels, shall where necessary be represented by doubling the letter.

(3) The symbols for the open vowels need only be used where the distinction between the open and the close sound is essential.

(4) Diphthongs shall be written as a combination of the letters composing them, e.g. au, ai, etc., but the diphthongal sounds wa, ia, etc., should be written wa and ya.

(5) Where distinction of tone is essential, the high tone shall be represented by an acute accent, e.g. Madi di’- arm (high tone) as distinct from di’- head {low tone).

(6) A nasalized vowel shall be indicated by the sign ~ above the vowel letter, e.g. @ for the sound of the French word “an” APPENDIX IV.

List of Vernacular Interature.

1. DInKa. Grammars . J. C. Mitterrutzner, Die Dinka Sprache in Central Afrika, Brixen, 1866. G. Beltrame, Grammatica della lingua Denka, 1870.

id., Grammatica e vocabolario della lingua Denka, Rome, 1881. MS. Grammar prepared by Church Missionary Society. Vocabularies . MS. prepared by Church Missionary Society, Malek, 1925.

School Books . Animal Stories in various dialects. Church Missionary Society. (In the Press.) Blacklock. Elementary Course in Tropical Hygiene, Part I. Translated by Church Missionary Society. Primer. Church Missionary Society. Primer [. Italian Catholic Mission. Scripture, etc.. Genesis i and ii. Translated by Church Missionary Society. (Bor dialect.) St. Mark. Translated by Church Missionary Society. (Bor dialect.) St. Luke. Translated by Church Missionary Society. (Bor dialect.) Acts (MS.). American isonte St. Luke. B.F.B.S. (Chich dialect.) St. John. y os Sacred History. Italian Catholic Mission. (In preparation.) Prayer Book and Hymns. Translated by Church Missionary Society. (Bor dialect.) Diglot Catechism. Malek, 1920. (Bor dialect.) Prayer Book. Italian Catholic Mission. Catechism. Italian Catholic Mission. (In preparation.)

2. NUER. Vocabularies . C. H. Stigand, Nuer-English Vocabulary. Cambridge University Press, 1923. H. C. Jackson (in MS.)..

D. Westermann, The Nuer Language. Mitteilungen des Seminars ftir OrientalischeSprachen, Berlin, 1912. School Books. Set of five graded Readers in MS. prepared by American Mission. ABC Ke dhog Naadh. Italian Catholic Mission. Folk Stories. Prepared by the American Mission.