47 Shilluk. Nuer. Dinka. Bari. Latuko. Madi. Zande. Values.

J J J J J J dh dh dh th th th nh nh ny ny ny ny ny ny ye Me Me x dz ts (gb) ? gb (kp) ? kp b , Vowels: a a a a a a e e e e e e€ ‘ i i i i i 0 0 0 ry) 0 0 u u u u u u € € € € € € A) A) A A) A) 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 NOTES.

ny gb kp of Of OD D oO palatalized d, resembling dy and sometimes approaching 7 in “ judge”’. inter-dental d. inter-dental ¢. inter-dental n. palatalized n, as gn in French “ Boulogne ”’. velar n, aS ng In English “ singer ”’. velar fricative voiced resembling Arabic pygnain: velar fricative unvoiced as ch in Scotch “loch ”. afiricate, voiced. afiricate, unvoiced. labio-velar, voiced. labio-velar, unvoiced. glottal stop.® as in Italian.

be) 9 open e, as in French 66 pére get open o, as in English “not” as distinct from “note ”’. central vowel, resembling e in Hinglish ‘‘ father ”’.

(1) The above table is believed to be complete for this group of languages.

If other sounds are found to exist, the symbols to express them shall be taken: from the Memorandum on Orthography. (International Institute of African Languages and Cultures.)

1 In Zande 7 need not be written, as the sound occurs only before g and k.

2 In Bari gw and kw are generally substituted, and may thus be written.

2 The glottal stop, when occurring in connection with b, d, and y, shall be placed before the consonant.