This is a passage from a historical book about Sudan. The text is OCR output and contains scanning errors. I have read through them and translated the intended words, keeping proper nouns recognizable.

The passage discusses the construction of a building, possibly a tomb or monument, made of stone and mud. It then delves into linguistic analysis, specifically the grammar and meaning of certain Arabic words and phrases. The author examines the use of prepositions, the grammatical case of words, and the interpretation of poetic verses. The discussion touches upon the etymology of words like "jimal" (camel) and "muzammil" (wrapped), and their application in describing the landscape or people. The passage also references a proverb about a "hollowed-out lizard's burrow" and debates its grammatical structure and meaning. The author engages with different grammatical theories and interpretations, particularly concerning the relationship between possessive phrases and their grammatical agreement. The passage concludes with a discussion of implied pronouns and their placement within sentences.