The Al-Sikka in Al-Sennal, at the end of the eighth century and the beginning of the ninth century.

The Fall of the Ghana National State

In 690 AH (1194 AD), under the leadership of Ibn Yasin, the Al-Murabitun conquered the lands of Ghana in 470 AH (1077 AD), the Lamtuna and Judala tribes, and then took control of Sijilmasa. In 471 AH (1078 AD), they raided the great trading center in the heart of the desert, Audaghost, thus tightening their grip on the trade routes. After the death of Ibn Yasin, the Al-Murabitun, under the leadership of his successor, Abu Bakr, attacked Ghana, whose trade had been affected as a result of the fall of Audaghost into their hands. The northern parts of Ghana fell gradually into the hands of the Al-Murabitun, but the king of Ghana remained in control of his original country until its capital fell in 490 AH (1097 AD).

After a war that lasted fourteen years, Ghana ceased to be a great power.

The Rise of the Islamic Mali Empire

After Ghana, the Islamic Mali Empire began. Islam had found its way to the ruling family of Mali in the middle of the fifth century AH (11th century AD), during the prosperity of the Ghana kingdom.

This was when the Al-Murabitun invaded the lands of Ghana in 470 AH (1077 AD). Two centuries later, the great Mali Empire began to be built, when Sundiata Keita began his reign by conquering the surrounding tribes and establishing his authority through conquest. The banner of victory was raised.

This empire reached its peak of power when its greatest ruler, Mansa Musa, ascended its throne in 712 AH (1312 AD).

His pilgrimage, which he made in 724 AH (1324 AD), caused a great stir in the Islamic world and occupied an important place in the writings of the historians of that era. Mansa Musa was known for his immense wealth.