III. 5. IV. THE KAWAHLA group 325

The other main group of Kawahla, though more numerous,

forms a much less coherent whole, and while certain sections of it

lead a nomadic life south of Sennar and on the banks of the Atbara

the Binder and theRahad, many others have become entirely sedentary and have built villages on the White Nile, in the Gezi'ra, and as far

east as the Abyssinian border.

III Travellers to the Sudan in the eighteenth and nineteenth cen-

turies speak of the Kawahla (" Cohala," " Kaouahlehs," etc.) as one

of the chief tribes east of the Blue Nile^.

Burckhardt^ and CaiUiaud both mention that about 18 14-18 19 they and the Shukria were at mortal feud with the Ga'aliin tribes

to the east of Shendi and on the Atbara.

IV The subdivisions of the Kordofan division are as follows

:

A. DAr Hamid

B. El Berakna

C. El HalAyifa

D. El Bedariin

E. El 'Ababda

F. Um 'Amar

G. DAr Bahr

'i. Hashuna

2. AwlAd Gerays

3. „ Shinaytir

4. „ Zayd

1 . NAs WAD EL MaTAYRIK

2. NAs WAD EL AzRAK

1. AwlAd Rahal

2. AwlAd 'Arabi

1

.

NAs WAD EL MiSAYK

2. NAs BAb

3. Um RAdi

4. Nafar

1

.

AwlAd el Sheikh

2. AwlAd el Dibayd

H. El BekayrAb fi.

J. El GihaymAb^

K. El GhazAya ji.

L. El Nifaydia fi.

it

Of these several are not true KawAhla. The rich 'Ababda section

are an offshoot of the tribe of that name from the eastern deserts ; but

^ See, e.g., Bruce, iv, 416; CaiUiaud, 11, 236:111, 71, 108, etc.

" Nubia, p. 346. ^ ' A few nomad Gihaymab also occur in Berber district.

AwlAd SulaymAn AwlAd Adam Kurun

El 'OmarAt AwlAd Terayf

El UtiAb El MulkAb El KuAra