III. 2. XIII. THE GUHAYNA GROUP 249 drum to be beaten in order to announce that the king had been crowned.

...The newly-crowned king then returned to his people with the 'tagia' and 'kukur,' for which reason the Abdelab were called 'the people of the "tagia" and "kukur."'"

A " Mdngil" was invested not only with a "takia" turban but with a {'emma), a sword, a robe and, perhaps, a ''heikali" or gold chain (see Jackson, pp. 92 and 95); and it is impossible not to connect these insignia with those of "Jausar who wore the turban and the two horns and the golden bracelet" in the thirteenth century at Bujaras, the capital of the district which lay between Aswan and Korosko (see p. 177). Deherain (p. 59, quoting Junker, Reisen, I, loi and 108) says: "Le roi \s.c. of Sennar] remet a celui qu'il agree le signe du commandement, le Taquie el Qarne, bonnet de velours ou de soie bariolee orne de deux appendices en forme de cornes." The Fung king was allowed by the Turks after the conquest to retain the right to wear the " takia."

At the conquest of Darfur, hats of the same description were found in the Sultan's camp. They were worn on gala days by his chief bugler and the " Khashkhangia" (blunderbuss-men) of the royal guard.

The title of "Mdngil" always carried with it a considerable tract of land.

(b) THE BENI 'OMRAN XII The Beni 'Omran are a tribe of indeterminate origin. They claim to be Ashraf but the "nisbas" class them as Guhayna. A few of them are scattered in the central Kordofan villages among the BEDAYRfA and others live in eastern Darfur, more especially near the Kordofan frontier. These latter divide themselves into : TAWLAD EL MaNSUR Shafalik Shellali'n AwLAD Malik Beni 'Atif, or 'Awatifa (near Wada'a) Tergamia 'AiAL Muhammad ,, MUHAGIR ,, IbrAhi'm ,, Hasan and state they came from Diraw in Upper Egypt, some seven generations ago, as traders and "fukara." In type they resemble the Bedayria. They may be connected with the 'Omran noticed by Burckhardt near 'Akaba.

(c) THE AWAMRA, the KHAWALDA, THE 'AMARNA AND THE FADNIA XIII The first three of these tribes are unimportant semi-sedentary folk, each with some score of villages and herds of sheep and goats in the Gezira.

Cp. " 'Atayfat." ' Notes..., 11, g.