III. 1. XXXII. THE GA'ALlfN AND DANAGLA GROUP 225

confederacy they became entirely independent, left the country to

the south and west to the GhodiAt and Bedayria and extended their own cultivation and grazing areas northwards so far as the then nomadic tribes of Dar Hamid and the like would allow them. West- wards they pushed into Darfur in not inconsiderable numbers, and

the Ga'afiria section, probably at a later date, formed the settlement

of el Sa'ata in the intermediate country now generally known as Dar Hamar.

The Gawama'a suffered very severely in the Mahdi'a. Slatin computes^ that scarcely a sixth remained of their original numbers in Kordofan. But they have wonderfully recuperated and the develop- ment of the extensive gum forests round el Taiara has made them

prosperous. They and the Hamar are now the two largest sedentary

tribes in Kordofan.

There are small colonies of Gawama'a, refugees by origin, living

in the Gezi'ra and here and there along the White Nile, even as far

south as Fama.

XXXII The following are the subdivisions of the tribe in Kordofan.

I. Homran