I. 4. XX. THE NON-ARAB RACES OF DARFUR 99

The names of all three groups are merely those of local hills. The MiRi, he says, are properly Dagu who have coalesced with the Fur. Of the Turug mention has already been made when speaking

of the "Slave Tribes" of Darfur. The ZoMi are said to differ from

the rest by race, but the Umungowi could not say in what way^. He classes them and all the rest, however, except the Wanna, as Fur. For himself and all the Mayringa he claims an ancestor Mayri, but he admits mayri to be only a kind of grass.

The Niamaton, we have seen, classes the Umungowi's subjects

as Makraka from the Bahr el Gebel.

In the hills of Si, the northernmost part of the range of which Gebel Marra is the southern and main portion, the population, though Fur and speaking precisely the same language as the rest of

the Fur, is differentiated by the name of ICarakirit (or Korakirit,

or Korokoa)^. They are subdivided into Karanga, who admit being by origin Kara from the south {i.e. Fertit), Dugunga, Urtunga^, Sayrfinga* and Kayra, In civilization, or the lack of it, they are on

a par with the Fur of Marra, and they appear to be racially identical with them.

The story that Shau Dorshid, "the last of the Tungur Sultans,"

ruled from Si has already been discussed.

The Fur living in the plains east of the mountains of Marra, and even in the outlying hills, nearly all claim to be Kungara and

in some cases Kayra. In Dobo and Kullu districts, for instance, round Murtafal and west of Tina there is a strong ruling Kayra ^

element, and, mixed with it, some Temurka^, some "Gebbala," some Masali't, and, curiously enough, some very debased Kababi'sh

called Lebabis^.

Of the soi-disant Kungara in eastern Darfur who live at some

distance from the Marra range perhaps the most important are the

^ The name " Zomi" is said to apply to one who keeps very silent and unobtru-

sive.

^ There seems to be no singular form, though one man suggested " Korodongo," and another " Kerkerwai." The latter added that the name Karakirit was onomato- poeic and formed from the noise " koro, koro, koro " made by the hillmen scratching about in the stones on the hillside when preparing the ground for cultivation.

' The name means "melon ('batikh') folk."

* Derived from "serrayf," the diminutive of "serraf," meaning a permanent sub-surface flow of water such as one finds in the beds of the larger "wadis" in western Darfur.

^ Among their subdivisions are Gurji and Tomari.

^ Subdivision Murtal.

' The Lababis {sing. Labasi) claim to be descended from a Kabbashi called '(3m. '(3m seems to be a perversion of '(3n, for among the Kababfsh Awlad '(3n in Kordofan is a section called Lababis. The Awlad '(3n are probably of Shafkia origin (see Part III, Chap, i {g)).

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