**African** **Studies**

A Biannual Research Journal

**In this issue**

☐ **Internal Deficiencies in Arab and Islamic Formal Institutions** By: Al-Sadiq Al-Mahdi

☐ **Globalization and its Repercussions on Sovereignty, Peace, and Harmony in the Red Sea Basin** By: Prof. Dr. Hassan Makki Mohamed Ahmed

☐ **Oqba and Kairouan** By: Dr. Al-Nasser Abdullah Abudowak

☐ **The Concept of Self among Africans: A Christian Study among** **African Students at the International African University** By: Dr. Abd Al-Baqi Dafalla Ahmed

☐ **Mudathir Ali Al-Bush (1901-1985 AD) and his Role in the Political, Social, Religious, and Literary Life in Sudan** By: Dr. Tariq Ahmed Othman

Issue Twenty-Nine - Year Nineteen - June 2003 AD / Rabi' al-Awwal 1424 AH