Islam and its Role in Sudanese-Egyptian Relations Muhammad Sulayman, The Role of Al-Azhar in Sudan, Egyptian General Book Organization, 1989, pp. 110, 120.

Muhammad al-Nur ibn Dhaif Allah, op. cit., pp. 752, 852.

Muhammad Sulayman, op. cit., p. 16.

B. M. Holt, Saints and Sufis and Islam in Sudan, translated by Henry Riad, Cairo, Dar al-Jil, 1989, 3rd ed., pp. 89, 91.

Izz al-Din al-Amin, Katrang Village and its Scientific Impact, Institute of African and Asian Studies, University of Khartoum, Booklet No. 14, 1971, pp. 79, 80.

Yahya Muhammad Ibrahim, History of Religious Education in Sudan, Beirut, Dar al-Jil, 1989, 1st ed., pp. 78, 133, 211.

Imam al-Mahdi, The Complete Works of Imam al-Mahdi, investigated by Muhammad Ibrahim Abu Salim, 1st ed., p. 45.

Abd al-Aziz Amin Abd al-Majid (Dr.), Education in Sudan, Part Two, The Amiri Press, Cairo, 1949, p. 10.

Yahya Muhammad Ibrahim, History of Religious Education, op. cit., p. 202.

Abd al-Aziz Amin Abd al-Majid (Dr.), op. cit., p. 4.

Doctorate thesis, Center for African Research and Studies, International African University, 1991, pp. 171-172 (unpublished).

Abd al-Majid Abidin, op. cit., p. 140.

Muhammad Ibrahim Abu Salim (Professor), The Intellectual Movement in the Mahdiyya, 1st ed., Dar al-Tiba'a, University of Khartoum, 1979, p. 70.

Naoum Shuqair, Geography and History of Sudan, 1st ed., Beirut, Dar al-Thaqafa, 1971, p. 91.