The Sandeh Chiefs. 355 time I saw Yussuf Pasha no more, nor do I know liow lie merited the rank of Pasha or the nomination to the governorship of Sennaar.

" Yussuf gone, I easily learnt the truth about the shameful drama that took place in Monbuttu. Both the country of Sultan Munza and that of his brother Granga were subjected to the Mudir of Rohl, and the two sultans consigned to a functionary of Yussuf Bey all the yearly produce of ivory. Munza and Ganga possessed large harems. It is useless to speak of the sumptuous habits of these sultans. Dr. Schweinfurth, in his magnificent account of the court of Munza, has described it exactly.

" The two sultans had several beautiful daughters, and Yussuf Bey, as well as his r.eldl Fadl-Alah, made proposals to Munza and Granga which were rejected.

It is an old custom in Monbuttu that the Sultan's daughters may only marry chiefs who have proved extremely brave in combat. The repeated and persistent demands of Yussuf and Fadl-Alah were continually refused, and they determined to settle the question by a decisive blow. Fadl-Alah was to assassinate Munza, while Yussuf and his men undertook to end Ganga's life. " On the day fixed Fadl-Alah presented himself before Munza Avhile the Sultan was dining with his family. Raising his gun, Fadl-Alah said, — " ' Will you give me your daughter or no ? ' " ' I will rather die,' replied Munza, ' than infringe a custom established by my forefathers ! ' " ' Then die ! ' cried Fadl-Alah, and immediately took aim and fired. Munza fell dead, and Fadl-Alah's Arabs, profiting by the confusion that ensued, carried off the family and the whole harem of poor Munza.

" Yussuf Bey did the same thing by means of his slave Gambasi ; Ganga was also murdered, and all his family led into slavery. Yussuf Bey, in order to A a 2