1 POSITION OF TEWFIK AFTER THE MUTINY Tewfik's attitude towards England — French influence with his Highness causes him to be suspicious of British policy — Explanation of the hostile disposition of France — Riaz retires from Premiership owing to his opposition to legal reforms — Project for establishment of German chartered Company in the Soudan — Death of Tewfik.

Tewfik, on his restoration to the throne, only accepted the British occupation as a painful necessity. Even the knowledge that he owed his restoration, if not his life, to the suppression of the Arabi insurrection by England, was outweighed by his resentment at the mode in which England had prevented his inflicting J any adequate punishment on the leaders of the military mutiny, and had thereby deprived him of the opportunity of recovering the authority to which he held himself entitled as the Effendina, the Lord and Master. At the time of his accession he had little or no experience of public life ; he was probably more ignorant than the bulk of Oriental princes of any country outside his own, and had little notion of the relative position and attitude of the foreign States with whom he was brought into contact. He had little of the quick intelligence of his father, or of his faculty of understanding the policy of