CONTENTS

CHAP.

I. Introductory . .

II. Conquest of North Africa and Spain by the

Arabs

III. Arab Civilisation in Spain

IV. The Empire of " The Two Shores " .

V. African Rule in Spain .... VI. Decline of Mohammedan Power in Spain

VII. Spanish Arabs in Africa .... VIII. The Soudanese States ....

IX. Negroland and the Western Arabs

X. Berber and Black ..... XI. The Trade of Ghana ....

XII. Morabite Conquest of the Soudan . XIII. Ghana and Timbuctoo ....

XIV. The Mellestine

XV. Mansa Musa XVI. Ibn Batuta in Melle .... XVII. Administration of the Mellestine . XVIII. Meeting of Eastern and Western Influence upon

THE Niger ...... XIX. Rise of the Songhay Empire

XX. Military Conquests of Sonni Ali . XXI. AsKiA Mohammed Abou Bekr . XXII. Songhay under Askia the Great

XXIII. Songhay under Askia the Great {continued)

XXIV. The Later Askias

XXV. Ancient Connection of Haussaland with the

Valley of the Nile .... XXVI. The Pharaohs in Haussaland . XXVII. The Haussa States XXVIII. The Domination of Kano

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