APPENDIX. 517 between his escort and the villagers, which sometimes end in blows, and it requires great tact on his part to keep the peace. The king’s pages are overbearing, and treat the villagers abominably, requiring them to perform impossibilities, and beating them if they refuse.

As a rule, if the villagers hear that the king’s guests are coming, they leave their huts, preferring to lose their goods rather than be maltreated by the king’s pages. On one occasion, when travelling with avery small escort, I nearly lost my life through their plundering propensities. The drummer, who marches at the head of the caravan, receives the head of any cow that may be killed for food on the march as a perquisite.—R. W. F.

Wantma (Wawitu).—The Wahtuma inhabit scattered villages throughout the whole of Uganda. They number between 40,000 and 50,000. ‘They are probably descended from the original in-© habitants of Abyssinia, and there is no reasonable doubt but that the ancestors of the reigning families in Uganda and Unyéro were Wahtma. Known by the name of Wahtma, Watusi, and Wawitu, they are found throughout the east of Africa from 2° N. to 7° 8.

lat. They are tall, of pure blood, with good-looking oval faces, thin lips, and straight noses. The women are particularly beautiful, and the Waganda like to have them as wives, a very superior offspring resulting from such marriages. The Wahuma are everywhere herdsmen. ‘hey live principally on milk and meat, and seldom engage in agriculture. On account of this, it is impossible in Uganda, where the Wahuma are despised, to induce a Waganda to have anything to do with the breeding of cattle. The Wahuma do not mix with the tribes among whom they live ; they have a language of their own and live in out-of-the-way villages.—R. W. F.

Bows AnD Arrows.—Emin Pasha supplies precise information on the weapons of the Akka and other tribes with whom he became acquainted, In connexion with this subject, a paper by Dr. Ratzel “On the Geographical Distribution of Bows and Arrows in Africa” (Berichte d. Stchs. Ges. d. Wiss., Phil.-hist. Cl., 1887, pp. 232-252, map) will prove of interest.

Bark Crorn.—A species of fig (Ficus lutea), which grows abundantly throughout Uganda, is the tree from which mbugu or bark cloth is procured. The bark is taken from young trees; two incisions are made round the trunk, a third, which is vertical, joining the other two. The bark is then stripped off and the outer surface carefully removed, after which it is laid on a smooth square block of wood and rapidly beaten, in time to a low chant, _ with heavy wooden mallets. These mallets have circular grooved