INTRODUCTION, XX has at the present time stored in Ladé or Wadelai, prove how ’ well he understands the art of collecting. His work in the districts he has explored in the eastern part of Equatorial Africa, has been that of a pioneer in zoological, and especially in ornithological, subjects. The zoological work he has accomplished in central Monbuttu——and it was very great, considering his short stay there—is completely new, and judging from the hints given in his letters, we may expect a rich harvest of discoveries. A journal which Emin Pasha has sent me, but which he has forbidden me to publish at present, contains an immense quantity of interesting information as to the habits of the animals he has caught, with especial reference, however, to birds.”

Notwithstanding all the service which Emin Pasha has rendered to zoology, to which alone Dr. Hartlaub has referred, it must be borne in mind that botany too has benefited to a very large extent by his painstaking researches—to what ‘extent will only be known when the large collection of plants which he has made reaches Europe. It can easily be seen, however, from his letters, what a deep interest he takes in botany, and the experimental cultivations which he has carried on are of » immense value in proving, not only the fertility of the country, but also the possibility of cultivating various commercial plants in districts where their growth had been doubtful.

To general readers, one or two chapters in this book may not be quite clear. I refer especially to Parts v. 2 and vlil. I, in which Emin deals with the slave-trade and the misery caused by the settlement of Danagla in various districts. I call especial attention to this, because I have stated in several publications that he had completely banished slavedealing from his province; and so he had; but on the recall of Gessi Pasha in 1882, Lupton Bey was made Governor of the Bahr-el-Ghazal province, and the provinces of Rol, Makrakd, and Monbuttu, which had been previously governed by Mula Effendi, were transferred to Emin’s jurisdiction.