INTRODUCTION. Xl

‘ Hduard Schnitzer was born on the 28th of March 1840 in

Oppeln, in the Prussian province of Silesia. He 1s the son of

the late Ludwig Schnitzer and his wife Pauline, both Protes-

tants. His father was a merchant. ‘The family removed in 1842 from Oppeln to Neisse, where the mother and a sister of

our friend still reside. After being educated in the Gymnasiwm

of Neisse, Eduard Schnitzer commenced the study of medicine

in 1858 atthe Breslau University. He completed his medical

education in Berlin, where he attended the University during

1863 and 1864, and graduated. “A strong desire to travel and a great love for Natural

History, which distinguished him as a boy, led the young

medical man to look for a sphere of work in a foreign land. He left Berlin at the end of 1864, and went to seek a practice

in Turkey. Chance led him to Antivari and Scutari, where

he obtained the confidence of the Vali Mushir Divitji Ismail Hakki Pasha, from whom he received a post on his staff, and whom he accompanied on his official journeys throughout the

various provinces of the extensive district under his jurisdic-

tion. In this way Schnitzer became acquainted with Armenia,

Syria, and Arabia, and at length arrived in Constantinople, where Hakki Pasha died in 1873. | “In 1875 Dr. H. Schnitzer paid a visit to his family in

Neisse, and remained there for a few months, devoting his

leisure hours to the study of Natural History. Suddenly, however, the desire for travel came over him again; he went

by the nearest route to Egypt, and, in 1876, we find this

enterprising man entering the Egyptian service as Dr. Emin

Effendi. He was ordered to join the Governor-General of the Sudan at Khartum, and from there was sent to act as chief medical officer in the Equatorial Province of Egypt, of which

~ Gordon Pasha was then Governor. _ “Gordon was the very one to value a man like Emin, and

to use to the full his gifts and powers. He sent him on tours

of inspection through the districts which had been annexed