INTRODUCTION. Xl ‘ Hduard Schnitzer was born on the 28th of March 1840 in Oppeln, in the Prussian province of Silesia. He 1s the son of the late Ludwig Schnitzer and his wife Pauline, both Protestants. His father was a merchant. ‘The family removed in 1842 from Oppeln to Neisse, where the mother and a sister of our friend still reside. After being educated in the Gymnasiwm of Neisse, Eduard Schnitzer commenced the study of medicine in 1858 atthe Breslau University. He completed his medical education in Berlin, where he attended the University during 1863 and 1864, and graduated. “A strong desire to travel and a great love for Natural History, which distinguished him as a boy, led the young medical man to look for a sphere of work in a foreign land. He left Berlin at the end of 1864, and went to seek a practice in Turkey. Chance led him to Antivari and Scutari, where he obtained the confidence of the Vali Mushir Divitji Ismail Hakki Pasha, from whom he received a post on his staff, and whom he accompanied on his official journeys throughout the various provinces of the extensive district under his jurisdiction. In this way Schnitzer became acquainted with Armenia, Syria, and Arabia, and at length arrived in Constantinople, where Hakki Pasha died in 1873. | “In 1875 Dr. H. Schnitzer paid a visit to his family in Neisse, and remained there for a few months, devoting his leisure hours to the study of Natural History. Suddenly, however, the desire for travel came over him again; he went by the nearest route to Egypt, and, in 1876, we find this enterprising man entering the Egyptian service as Dr. Emin Effendi. He was ordered to join the Governor-General of the Sudan at Khartum, and from there was sent to act as chief medical officer in the Equatorial Province of Egypt, of which ~ Gordon Pasha was then Governor. _ “Gordon was the very one to value a man like Emin, and to use to the full his gifts and powers. He sent him on tours of inspection through the districts which had been annexed